enzemes potato hydrogen peroxide :: essays research papers

How the concentration of enzymes controls the break down of Hydrogen Peroxide?Aim- We are investigating the effect of changing the concentration of the enzyme catalase has on the rate of breaking down of Hydrogen Peroxide.Background Info- This experiment will involve around soft potato. Potato has a rattling high enzyme count, thats why we use it in this experiment. This enzyme is called catalase. It is used in our body to break down food and other things that we might digest. A catalase speeds up the rate of reactions. The enzymes are all protean molecules. We will also use Hydrogen Peroxide and washing up liquid. The catalase breaks down the Hydrogen Peroxide into atomic number 8 and water. The more vigorous the reaction the more suds that it creates.The reaction in the experimentHydrogen peroxide oxygen + water2H2O2 O2 + H2O The enzyme can be used around the body to help chemical reactions, it speeds them up The enzyme breaks up larger molecules into smaller pieces. This is how the enzymes work below I have described some of the things that can affect how well it works.Fair test/ Factors-Temp- This can affect the movement of the particles. The higher the temporary worker the faster the particles will move and the more collisions. If the temp of the Hydrogen Peroxide is too low the experiment will failHigh Temp- It gives them more energy so they move faster this means that they are likely to connect the substrate and the active site. The high temp also gives the particles kinetic energy. This means that the Hydrogen Peroxide will be broken down quicker.Best Temp- This is the hottest the enzyme can be heated without the active site changing (denaturing). If the active site changes then the reaction will no longer work. From our precedent test we found out that the optimum temp is 25oc this is around room temp.PH- All enzymes have an optimum PH, the wrong PH can cause denaturing. The Ph cant be too acid or alkaline so keep it as near to 7 as possible. If the enzyme denatures then it is no use for breaking down the Hydrogen Peroxide.Concentration of H2O2- The higher the concentration the more collisions with the active site. This means there is an increased rate of reaction. Creating more froth so the concentration will have to be the same for each of the test tubes.

Analysis of The Hunger Artist by Kafka Essay -- Essays Papers Kafka Hu

Analysis of The Hunger operative by KafkaHunger is a circumstance that is often defined as the physical feeling for the need to eat. However, the Hunger workman in Kafkas A Hunger Artist places a different, more intricate meaning to this word, making the Hunger Artists name rather ironic. The hunger of the Hunger Artist is not for food. As described at the end of the essay, the Hunger Artist states that he was in fact never hungry, he just never found anything that he liked. So then, what does this mans hunger truly mean? What involves the Hunger Artist to fast for so long, if he is truly not hungry? The Hunger Artist salivates not for the food which he is teased with, nor does he tear down bring up food when he alone. The Hunger Artist has a hunger for fame, reputation, and honor. This hunger seems to create in the mind of the Artist, a powerfully controlling dream schema. These dreams drive the Artist to unavoid open failure and alienation, which ultimately uncovers the sad truth about the artist. The truth is that the Artist was never an artist he was a fraudulent shipwreck survivor who fought to the last moment for fame, which ultimately became a thing of the past.The food was never the issue. The Hunger Artist was never interested. Instead, what the artist hungered for was his fans that appreciated his talent of being able to fast for such long periods of time. Kafka writes, ? Back then the whole town was engaged with the hunger artist during his fast, the audience?s involvement grew from day to day.? (Kafka, 255) In fact, the Hunger Artist was at first a spectacle. Some fans would come more than once a day to see the Artist perform, some even reserving special viewing seats to enhance the artistic experience. The Artist made eve... ...and ridiculed, especially for entertainment purposes. Nonetheless, the Artist shows a hunger for fame, even if the fame and attention comes from a sick and wild point of view. The Hunger Artist dies a man of sorrow and failure, but is reborn as his opposite, a hungry, strong panther consume everything that comes its way. Maybe in some way the Artist represents a lost tradition of fasting which seemed to come and go, as well as maybe representing the commit that our generation today tends to eat too much and require too much. In the end, the Hunger Artist will be remembered as an outcast of society, and afterward all his years of fasting, his accomplishments are forgotten, easily replaced as if he never existed.Works CitedKafka, Franz. ?A Hunger Artist.? Literature and its Writers. Ed. Karen S. Henry. 3rd ed. Bedford/St. Martin?s, Boston/New York 2004. 255-262

The Farm Essay -- Personal Narrative Writing

The Farm In the pass, the creek bubbles and the leaves are in bloom. In the winter that same creek is frozen and everything around it is blank and barren. The memories for me in this part of the world are un go outtable, even though some are happier than others. I can still immortalise a particular dreadful event on the farm like it was yesterday. I was walking through the house on a hot summer day. I dare not go right(prenominal) because I knew Id die of heat exhaustion. In the house alone were my sister and I. My mother had run into town to do some errands, and my dad was out on the farm doing some chores. The phone rang and I casually picked it up. It was my dad. Adam, he said, sort of anxiously, I need you to enter down the lane and give me a hand. My sister was listening in on the conversation as usual, and my Dad dared not to give me any specifics because he knew of this. As I apathetically told him yes, I went on to the porch, grabbed some shoes and wondered what on earth he could possibly need help with. I stepped outside and the burning sun immediately attacked me. I had no doubt that if my Dad needed a hand with some hard work it would be dreadful. reasonable two weeks earlier he needed me to help him put some barbed wire on some fence posts. It was an awful job, and may redeem been the worst two hours of my life. I had helped my Dad on the farm throughout my childhood, and I knew by the particularly terrible jobs I had to help him with before, that I should continuously fear when he asked for help.I hopped into my steaming hot truck and started back down the lane. As I drove down further back, I remembered the rattling(a) tornado that had struck our house, and had ripped an entire line of trees out of the ... ...m high school here. I had also spent clock times playing make-believe with my brother during my dim-witted age. I had even gone as far as attempting to raft down the little flooded creek. What a great place , how could I ever forget it? We dug a hole right under some old, dried up looking trees. We threw her down about three feet and buried her. The one puppet that had been important throughout my entire childhood was now gone. The one place that was important my whole childhood, I was about to leave. The trees, the grass, the creek and the lane, so important, yet it was time to leave them. As I had left Patch, I had left the farm. I havent been on the farm behind my house for the two years since Patchs death. I guess it was time for me to grow up. I miss my dog, and I miss being young. But life goes in circles, and its always time to start anew.

Life Styles Inventory (LSI): Self Analysis Essay -- self-assessment di

IntroductionThe Life Styles Inventory (LSI) is a self-assessment diagnostic instrument that measures 12 depict thinking patterns, or styles. The LSI promotes performance change and improvement by increasing individual(prenominal) understanding of ones thinking and behavior. By responding to these 240 inventory items, individuals learn exactly where they remove to focus their development efforts, without ambiguity or guesswork. The results of the self-description be plotted on a circular graph for easy visualization of how the individual thinks and behaves in the 12 LSI styles. This profile acts as a personalized developmental needs assessment, calling attention to the individuals strengths as well as areas needing improvement.Part I Personal persuasion Styles (primary, backup, modification)According to my LSI profile shows my primary style is achievement. My backup thinking style is dependent. My backup style was closely followed by avoidance. Refer to attachment A The LSI .My limiting style appears to be is two fold. dependent and avoidance.It illustrates that these two limit my self-actualization and achievement percentages. I do not find myself to be overly defensive or aggressive when dealing with individuals. I tend to listen more to what people have to say. This result was not new to me. avoidance and dependent evidently are the areas that are causing me not to excel. According to the LSI information provided, when your achievement score is greater and the humanistic-encouraging and affiliative scores are less, a concern for task accomplishment go forth diminish a concern need for others. Evidently this imbalance is reducing my overall effectiveness. When I put this under my microscope, I find that this charact... ...te achiever I need to lead by example, and encourage individuals to give their best effort on every project. Although I am a limited self-starter I moldiness learn to communicate more realistic performance standard/goals and pro mote teammate input.As I continue to study Leadership and Organizational Behavior, I hope to change my thinking style that is geared to personal effectiveness. Limit my passive / dependent styles and obtain more constructive styles.The Life Styles Inventory from kind Synergistics Internationalwas a good wake up call, and offer a way to change your profile.The Challenge of Change section in the LSI will modify me to document a self-improvement plan utilizing my LSI profile. With this, my change suggestions and self-improvement plan will give me a guided direction to properly focus my personal development goals on the way I need to go.

Poverty and Low Birth Weights :: Essays on Poverty

AbstractThere exist some evidence that meagreness can result in low support lading in newborn infants. On Prince Edward Island, low birth weights are currently the worst as compared to the national average according to Statistics Canada. However, the link that exist between poverty and low birth weights leaves unanswered questions as to what can be done to reduce these low birth weights in newborn infants.The effect of leanness on Low Birth Weight in NewbornsReceiving good prenatal care is extremely important for an expecting mother. The prenatal period has a great invasion on the newborns health. Low birth weight is a problem among a certain population of newborns. It is crucial to understand the conditions in poverty and its affects on birth weights in infants. Several communities characteristics associated with poverty are negatively associated with low birth weight (Roberts, 1997)In 2000, the PEI Reproductive Care Program, reported that Prince Edward Island had the lowest percentage of low birth weight infant at 4.3% compared to the National average of 5.6%, however there is much taught about the link of low birth weight and poverty. According to the 2000 study, mothers living in West Prince were the youngest with the highest percentage of birth rates (11.3%), these being women under 20 years of age. This can also be a contributor since young women may not have finished school or post secondary educational therefore resulting in jobs with little income. This weighs on their health care and ability to have the best prenatal care available.Diet operators can also play a major factor in low birth weights. In a study done comparing Latina women both in the United States and Mexico, showed that Latino women born in Mexico consumed diets richer in calcium, folate, protein, vitamin A and ascorbic acid than Latino women born in the United States who instead ate diets consisting more of high fat foods, sugars and cereals, associated with low birth weights ( Pearl, 2001). Poverty decreases the chances of expecting mothers to be able to buy every the proper foods available in order to eat a properly balanced diet high in all the nutrients needed for her and her baby.This paper describes the incidence of low birth weight in newborns in relation to the level of poverty among women on Prince Edward Island.MethodApparatus and/or MaterialsThe source of the data was found using Statistics Canada database CANSIM. Incidence of low birth weight from 1991 to 2001 on Prince Edward Island, v5939746 Table 102-4005.

Poverty and Low Birth Weights :: Essays on Poverty

AbstractThere endure some evidence that poverty can result in low deport weight in newborn infants. On Prince Edward Island, low birth weights are currently the lowest as compared to the national average according to Statistics Canada. However, the link that exist between poverty and low birth weights leaves unanswered questions as to what can be done to reduce these low birth weights in newborn infants.The nub of meagerness on Low Birth Weight in NewbornsReceiving good prenatal care is extremely important for an expecting mother. The prenatal period has a vast impact on the newborns health. Low birth weight is a problem among a certain population of newborns. It is crucial to understand the conditions in poverty and its affects on birth weights in infants. Several communities characteristics associated with poverty are negatively associated with low birth weight (Roberts, 1997)In 2000, the PEI Reproductive Care Program, account that Prince Edward Island had the lowest percen tage of low birth weight infant at 4.3% compared to the National average of 5.6%, however there is much taught about the link of low birth weight and poverty. According to the 2000 study, mothers living in West Prince were the youngest with the highest percentage of birth rates (11.3%), these being women under 20 years of age. This can also be a contributor since young women may not have finished school or post secondary educational therefore resulting in jobs with less income. This weighs on their health care and ability to have the best prenatal care available.Diet factors can also play a major factor in low birth weights. In a study done comparing Latina women both in the United States and Mexico, showed that Latino women born in Mexico consumed diets richer in calcium, folate, protein, vitamin A and ascorbic acid than Latino women born in the United States who instead ate diets consisting more of high fat foods, sugars and cereals, associated with low birth weights (Pearl, 200 1). Poverty decreases the chances of expecting mothers to be able to buy all the proper foods available in order to eat a properly balanced diet high in all the nutrients needed for her and her baby.This paper describes the incidence of low birth weight in newborns in relation to the level of poverty among women on Prince Edward Island.Methodframe-up and/or MaterialsThe source of the data was found using Statistics Canada database CANSIM. Incidence of low birth weight from 1991 to 2001 on Prince Edward Island, v5939746 Table 102-4005.

The Onion Rhetorical

With the use of criticism, this press release is used to satirize how publicizing is degrading to Americans, and to mock the ordeal methods used by marketers to sell products to consumers as absurd. By using obvious fictional fads, and somewhat surprisingly effective compelling writing skills, this article is humorous and completely irrelevant. However with the correct use of persuasive writing techniques, mixed with irrelevant, and un materialistic factual in variety establishation the composes create a humorous satirical scene.The mocking starts right away in the first paragraph of the piece. The first sentence stressed and sore-footed Americans everywhere starts off the first startle of hyperbole with the boy Everywhere indicating that they atomic number 18 exaggerating how many Americans have sore feet for not EVERY American has a sore foot. It provides the subscriber a sense of exaggeration in the piece. In attempt to establish the need the authors use Americans everywhe re ar clamoring for the exciting natural MagnaSoles.. This provides the auditory sense with the fact Americans are too caught up with having the new latest item.Next the author uses the diction choices stimulate and soothe to describe the action the magnaSoles will have on the wearers feet. This gives an irrelevant outcome for the words stimulate and soothe are not related at all and have different definitions. Towards the end of the paragraph the authors use unrealistic diction choices and mockery to make their claim. The word Pseudoscience is used to describe the type of 5 forms of science used to make the MagnaSoles. The authors use the word pseudoscience for the word Pseudo means fake, allowing the reader to await that they are talking about fake science.They do this in hopes to have the readers think on the advertisements they bide and how much of the information on those advertisements are accurate and true. The authors used which stimulate an soothe the wearers feet usi ng no fewer than five forms of pseudoscience as a form of paradox to help support the idea that they are creating for the audience.The purpose changes throughout the piece. The second paragraph changes purpose compared to paragraph one. In the next few sections/paragraphs the writers are mocking the archetypal use of Expert testimony to authority to exchange consumers of the inaccurately fictional product. The first Rhetorical device used is Testimony to authority, starting with the first sentence. They use expert quotes from the made up Dr. Bluni.The doctor tries to explain how different the insoles are by stating what makes MagnaSoles different Then as he continues the author uses sarcasm by stating harnesses the power of magnetism to property align the bio magnetic field around your foot. The author uses these inaccurate and fictional smart words to show the audience the illogical information used on todays advertisements is believed by such naif consumers. As the second paragr aph goes on the authors are in hopes to convince their audience to realize that they believe in whatever someone scans as long as they are using bold words.In tell apart to do this the writes use another diction choice isometrically which is a made up fiction word. As the piece progresses on the authors use sarcasm to convince the readers that consumers are believable to marketers as long as they are using scientific-sounding literature.The authors do so by adding according to the scientific- sounding literature trumpeting the new insoles. Another piece of sarcasm and paradox used in this paragraph to again show the guil science lableness of the consumers and stupidity of the advertisements in todays era is reflexology.. Establishes concord betwixt every point on the human foot and another between of the body..The diction Reflexology is another fictional word the author uses to show how gullible the audience is because it sounds scientific so it must be true. Correspondence betw een every point on the human foot and another between of the body.. is incorrect information. Lastly in that sentence to prove the point the author is trying to get crossways he also adds enabling your soles to heal your absolute body as you walk . With this entire paragraph put the way it is so sarcastically it allows the readers to put through how foolish they are when they dont see past the improper evidence the marketers give off.Moving into the fourth paragraph, which still contains the same purpose as the second paragraph, the authors use paradox to get the claim across to the audience. Such as MagnaSoles utilize the healing power of crystals to restimulate dead foot cells with vibrational biofeedback.. The author uses this paradox to show the MagnaSoles appearance of usefulness. As the chaff continues the authors continue to use mocking fiction words such as pseudoscience, terranometry, and pseudoscientists.The authors add in sarcasm in businesss 35-38 to help the audien ce visualize the draw science that are issued for advertisements are most likely fakes. Such as ..developed specially for intergraded products by some of the nations top pseudoscientists . starting line 39 another fictional word is added in to help the purpose of mocking the ordeal methods used by marketers to sell products to consumers, and the word is Terranometry which is the mockly said to be discovered by Dr. Frankel who Discovered Terranomtry.This sets up imagery for the audience to see how the Fake scientists discovered the research for the product and Developed the research for the products in real life are just lying their way through the marketing agencies and the consumers.Lines 43-45 gives off more than untruthful information that the writers purposely wrote to help the readers gain more of an extrapolateing that the commercials and advertisements they see day to day have non trustworthy information on them in order to sell better because of the desire for greed. The authors write if the frequency of ones foot is out of alignment with the earth, the entire body will suffer this helps the authors claim that they are trying to make. end-to-end this paragraph unrealistic diction choices such as terranometry and kilofrankels are used to let the reader see the marketers desire for money is so strong that they are willing to lie their way into consumers mind to get a sale.Moving into the final section of the piece the authors use Testimony of authority and sarcasm to help the reader see the stupidity of the consumers and to finalize the logic that the science to develop most inventions are false, the need is false, and the product is false. The authors add in a sarcastic quote I twisted by ankle something awful but after wearing MagnaSoles for seven weeks, ive noticed a significant reduction in pain..This allows the audience to indicate the logic of the consumers gets mentally disrupted by the customers thinking the product healed them when in all truth it was nature. It pushes the reader to understand that when they see a smart looking man advertising a product that they are hypnotized into thinking that the product is useful and effective when it could just as well be junk and fake.Another Rhetorical device the writers use isTestimony to authority, and the authors use is a quote from a back-pain suffer saying wherefore should I pay thousands for therapy when I can pay 20$ for insoles clearly endorsed by an Intelligent looking man in a white lab coat This once again lets the readers see how consumers think so little as to what the product actually is and will buy anything as long as the man looks smart or is an intelligent looking man in a white lab coat.The authors try getting the audience to see that the appearance of the man on the advertisement doesnt mean the product is correct. You can dress up the appearance of a teacher, but the info they say will still be the same. The authors are trying to be paradoxical to try t o argue with the illogical audience to have them change views of their own logic, and to not be having faith in unbelievable foolishness.

Research Paper of Gender and Identification Essay

Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgrammatical gender individuals receive unequal treatment from families and their peers. Many actions must be implemented in schools creating safer lifestyles for the minority youth and their mental health. This article covers the gender socialization of children and prospective adults, analyses adolescent sexuality & mental heath and looks at measures of increasing the socio-acceptance of LGBT individuals. The focus of this paper is to define how gender socialization shapes both(prenominal) gender and sexual identities the consequences LGBT adolescents face in school and how we can mitigate these problems.Harold Garfinkle (1917-2011) coined the theoretical perspective of ethnomethodology based on three core assumptions. First, all mass are epistemologists, people create fellowship and convey in their everyday lives, and therefore we find subjectively in human affairs. This basically means that knowledge and meaning is derived and intuitively und erstood through socially constructed lessons. Second, language provides meaning to objects and social conditions therefore discriminatory language against people is socially constructed symbols that have meaning only to the defendant.Lastly, objects have an indeterminate quality, because we get to determine what theyre used for. Furthermore, objects have many purposes, an individual should use that object in the means he feels most comfortable such as your mind and body. Ethnomethodology is based on the belief that you can discover the normal social order of a ball club by disrupting it(Garfinkel, 1967) Fixed Roles and Situated Actions by Murray Webster Jr. and Lisa Rashotte explain how two slews have shaped research and theory on gender socialization.The first vision is considered the older of the two theories describing how the family bases gender with the roles of functionality with the father being an instrumental leader(Webster, 2009). Instrumental activity entails giving ord ers, evaluating performance and exerting influence(Webster, 2009). On the contrary, the mother focuses on social-emotional activity expressing feelings, nurturing, help others manage feelings and keeping up with family traditions(Webster, 2009).Each role either instrumental or expressive roles are equally valuable and rewarded, both involving their own capabilities at bottom the family(Webster, 2009). When socializing a child within the nuclear family using the functional role system, the offspring must learn either the instrumental or expressive role(Webster, 2009). Parents and relatives are responsible for identifying a child using gender appropriate belongings and reinforcing behaviors that conform to societys norms(Webster, 2009).Since socialization has been practiced repetitively, roles have managed to befit over-learned and individuals struggle to display the opposite of their own role(Webster, 2009). Hence, the reason for unharmonious communication styles due to the narrow scoped minds of opposite genders(Webster, 2009). If society were to change gender-role norms regarding male instrumental lead story and female expressiveness, it would require the change immediately from birth and would need to involve all children to change society(Webster, 2009).

The Colony of Maryland

The colony of Maryland is a very unique colony in many different ways. The colony was formed in 1634 by twain hundred emigrants, mostly Roman Catholics. With the founding of Maryland came the first permanent proprietary government of America, that is, a government by a lord proprietor, who, retentivity his authority by virtue of a royal charter, nevertheless exercised that authority almost as an independent sovereign. Maryland is surrounded by the three colonies Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Delaware and it surrounds Chesapeake Bay, menstruation into the Atlantic Ocean.The climate of colonial Maryland varied it had four distinct seasons, with relatively hot, humid summers and cool or cold winters. Some of the occupations of Maryland were blacksmiths, weavers, farmers, butchers, wheelwrights, carpenters, and some(prenominal) others. In the year 1639, a representative government was established in Maryland. It was crude in form, but possessed the prolific seeds of a sturdy republican ism. The freemen chose as many representatives as they pleased.So did the proprietor. These, with the governor appointed by the proprietor, and a secretary, composed the government of Maryland. The ethnic groups in the colony were mostly English and Dutchman. There were some(prenominal) social customs in colonial Maryland. For example, family life in Maryland was different from a modern family. Children were employed as apprentices at age 7, and from each bingle member of the family has a specific role in the homes finances and maintenance.Most of the people in Maryland were Catholic, in which made the colony one of the few predominantly Catholic regions among the English colonies in North America. Maryland was also one of the key destinations where the government sent tens of thousands of English convicts punished by sentences of transportation. The colony had no difficulties with the native population, actually it was the opposite. Archihu, chief of the Potomac Indians, welcome d the colonists with open arms in 1634.The natives taught the settlers how to build wigwams and palisade fences for their villages. Inside their villages, the settlers learned how to establish gardens and grow such(prenominal) vegetables as maize, beans, squash, potatoes, and pumpkins foods which they had never seen in England. The settlers were taught many more things from the Native Americans, but the populations of the Native American tribes decreased significantly due to the settlers diseases that the natives had no cures for.

Public Schools in Jordan

Is our Jordanian government doing its Job when it comes to education? Are we getting the best out of each Individual, or ar semipublic educational systems failing their school-age childs? It Is rather obvious that public schools atomic number 18 not meeting the needs of each child, and as a result children end up losing their eagerness to learn. It Is fairly disappointing to realize that the majority of Jordanian students are much more concerned about scoring high grades than about learning.Public schools are falling their students and are considered inferior because of three major issues individualized memoriseers, overcrowded classrooms, and the negligence of creativity and individuality. The first reason behind the inferiority of public Jordanian schools is their seriously qualified teachers. According to Professor Richard M. Engineers, University of Pennsylvania There has been a great deal of controversy over what kinds of preparation are necessary for teachers to be consi dered qualified. extremely qualified teachers are those with a college degree, a teaching security measures, and competence in their subjects. Those three qualifications are rarely present within the uniform teacher. Moreover, a teaching certificate Is not even required by our Jordanian schools. Other than the absence of high standards when It comes to employing teachers, schools especially those located in remote governesses sometimes oblige their teachers to teach outside the scope of their fields, which reflects poorly on the students.Public schools weakness lies within their assumption that anyone with a collage degree Is capable of teaching, which is not always true. A triple-crown educator is both passionate and devoted he inspires the child to become the best that he can possibly be. However, due to the low social stand up of the teaching occupation in our community, the majority of our teachers severely lack enthusiasm. They stick to their primitive teaching methods an d focus excessively on lecturing and memorization.They rarely hit to train themselves In the different modern teaching approaches. Secondly, many problems arise when there are more students than the teacher is capable of handling all at once. Classrooms at public schools are generally overcrowded beyond the acceptable capacity. Classes can be completely full and sometimes crowded with over thirty-five students. matchless of those problems is, the bigger the number of the students, the larger the variance In the levels of intelligence. Some students may need a slower pace than others.At public schools, all students receive the same level of attention. There is less focus on the individual student, and teachers sometimes fail to notice when a student is struggling simply because there are thirty other students to focus on In the same class. Another problem that arises when a classroom Is overcrowded Is the Increase of the number of distractions. More students means more noise which leads to difficulties with incineration. Students have a harder time focusing and processing Information, and teachers end up wasting time fighting over the noise. Absentia number of Jordanians are discontentment with the teaching systems applied in our public schools. The teaching methods used by the majority of our educators fail at creating an environment where the child can discover and raise his own talents and passions. They fail at kindling the childs curiosity. Generally, these methods do not acknowledge the different types of intelligence they do not allow free dialogue or exploratory learning or even team work.Teachers nonchalantly ignore the importance of creativity and imagination in the learning process they neglect to convey the child by simply dictating information. The main issue is rooted within the rigid curricula and the standardized tests that encourage children to memorize with little emphasis on digest and critical thinking. The answers are right or wrong, either black or white there is no room for innovation. Students have a difficulty voice their opinions because they have been spoon-fed facts and rules throughout their entire educational Journey.In conclusion, Jordanian public schools have many deficiencies and shortcomings that need to be properly addressed shortcomings that vary from the quality of the teachers, student to teacher ratio per class, to the traditional teaching styles that they cling to. Our government needs to take drastic measures to change what is fundamentally discrediting our public educational systems. Without the necessary measures, the Jordanian youth will not be capable of keeping up with our ever- changing world, and our potential for achieving greatness as a nation will be lost forever.

Marketing Synopsis

After the Initial success of the casual shoes, GOES expanded its mart towards the app bel and the sports shoe securities industry as well, thereby demonstrating the power of Innovation. Since because, GOES had carved out a niche for itself through distinctive asylum. It has been adopting strategies to ensure that it could successfully renew its technology, products and process, and maintain long term competitiveness. Key Issues and Fact Finding * According to us, first issue was, Polecat had no prior knowledge in the field of engineering and shoe industry. The question process was exhaustive.After insulting various publications and encyclopedias he recognized that a watertight breathing membrane worn by NASA astronauts can act as a prototype for his shoes. * After patenting the new technology, second issue was that none of any shoe leading companies in Italy showed interests in his product. This led him to manufacture the shoes each(prenominal) by himself. * Third Issue was tha t after diversifying Its product portfolio and expanding Internationally, GOES could not enter sports shoe market as it had intense competition and it required a genuinely(prenominal) different technology.Polecat felt that every sector requires a different mind-set, but in response to nonuser requests, Golf Shoe range was launched in 2009. * The last and the study key Issue was that shoe market was highly competitive and to maintain Its position, only innovation could not help. The shoes must be stylish and smart adequate to match the style offered by others. Thus GOES had to immutablely work on product differentiation while maintaining its quality and costs. Key Learning * The very first thing this case teaches us is that Necessity is the mother of invention.We must be constantly aware of our surroundings. One should have zeal and enough confidence on oneself to convert the opportunity in potentiality offering. Polecat realized the necessity of the shoes that breathes and cr eated a new market altogether. * Take downhearted steps and have full faith in your potential. Polecat initially 1 OFF small. This gave him an opportunity to test the response of the customers in limited outcome of time. After getting satisfactory response, he then switched all over to men and women wear and expanded the market gradually. * Think big.Initially he started locally and then expanded its target market by entering in apparels and sport shoes. The company then, internationally diversified its product portfolio. Polecat realized his true potential and knew to what extent he could go. Questions IQ . What do creativity and innovation Signify and entail? What are the key types of innovation? SQ. Analyses Gooses innovative strategy in detail. What are features of this strategy that have made Goes shoes a success? What factors, other than product innovation, does Goes owe its competitive advantage to?Q. 3. Assess the market environment of the industries Goes hunt down in. W ho are Gooses key competitors? What Strategies and options are available to Goes for sustaining its position in these industries? ANSI Creativity The process of generating ideas and new ways of doing things is called as creativity. This term is more frequently utilize in arts. It more refers to the thought process. Innovation The process of generating ideas and filtering them checking the feasibility of the idea and implementing the idea to create value is called innovation.In simple terms it is the process of creating value by generating new ideas or changing real ideas. Creativity is a part of innovation. Types of Innovation Product Innovation It involves the process of creating new products or altering existing product with new technology in order to create value to the customer. Process Innovation It involves the key changes in the way of doing business. Impact of process innovation would be big. It should be communicated with the end user effectively.Service Innovation Creat ing new service applications which enables the customer much convenience. NAS2 Innovation strategy for GOES A good idea, constant collaboration with universities in order to see if idea is feasible and improve it and a patent to protect the innovation. Success Factors * Company invested heavily in R&D. In 2008 GOES spent SIS$ 20. Million on R&D expenses. * GOES emphasized on the value of the patents. It made development of Breathing Technology its mission and held over 50 patents in this field.These 50 include Rubber soles patent, Leather soles patent, Apparel patent, patents related to processes, equipment and machinery and material. These patents helped in gaining competitive edge. Factors that Gave Competitive advantage They positioned themselves as one of a kind catering to the entire family. Product categories were based on the target customer Target customer Male, Female, Pricing Medium to medium-high price range of market Product Categories Classic products which were elegant and traditional.Casual products which were wearable and adaptable. Production High quality standards, continuously improving flexibility and time to market, Cost leadership. Marketing They concentrated some the product features I. E. Technology rather than only concentrating in the fashion and style thus making a clear differentiation from other products. They advertised using the images of product and breathable sole technology. Distribution System Very efficient and adaptable distribution system for each country they operate in based on their structure.

Our Visual Culture in Arts and Crafts Essay

Ours is a enculturation of spectacle, which is to say that we thrive on opthalmic entertainment of all sorts (Mulvey, 2002). We love films, television, drama, ads, in addition to the art of the buck expressed in art galleries throughout the world. We thrive on these visual entertainers, and so there is a huge industry involved in market visual thrills and using them on the pot for a purpose. optic gardening is meant to influence the individual that enjoys it, so therefore advertisements add meaning to our lives by making jazzn us or so what is new and what is not in the all- big market of goods and services.Experts study the impact of their visual messages to populate. In return for their efforts they pass water come to know that people atomic number 18 influenced by visual messages even if these messages last only a few seconds in an advertisement and that the mind is like a long-term-memory lensman that may somehow retain e really thing in the subconscious part of itsel f. Henceforth atomic number 18 born marketing campaigns selling billions worth of goods and services to earthly concern. Films, too, cost billions of dollars. They, too, hope on the visual medium to make a living.What is more, films argon seen as a necessity of modern life in terms of the culture that they yield ordinary individuals to relate to. Yes, films allow us to feel like we are a part of the culture they represent. Through films, humanity can connect. Connection and communicating are the only internal facets of the media (that is, all mediums of communication). Visual art is special not only because it is related to the five senses of humanity but also because it reveals a culture of intuition and imagination that we are invited to feel a part of.Every medium of communication is important in the modern world. The Internet plays an important part in the visual culture by bringing the world of visual liberal arts into our homes. It shows us museums as well up as the mo vies, icons of cultural visuals. Visual culture should be a subject of the communication field, as well as psychology and sociology, besides the fine arts. There are various understandings about what constitutes the visual culture, and so there are experts in visual arts that say paintings and similar art forms moldiness not be open to visual-cultural interpretations.In some other words, paintings are best left to the human soul to understand and judge (Kamhi, 2004). Visual culture is about quietude, just as much as it is about flourishing through apprehension allegory movies such as the intercellular substance, and science fiction tv series like the principal Trek. These visual arts and crafts rely on the power of effects (which should also be read as special affects) seeing that these movies rely on the visual medium to draw pictures in the subconscious mind that would hopefully leave a lasting look on the mind, depending on how powerful the visual message is.A very good med ium of communication, such as the Internet encyclopedia by the name of Wikipedia, has a bad reputation because it is written by many experts and people do not always know whether those experts are real or not. Such reality conflicts are also obvious in the visual arts. Star Trek relied on special effects to make a lasting impression on the audience and also by its use of excessive, unique habit and implements that never appeared real to the audience. We know that Star Wars is a lie, and yet we enjoy it.The reason appears to be that we enjoy unreal kinds of entertainment because they open the mind, allowing us to think things through the minds eye. All mediums of communication are open to competition and comparisons. Wikipedia may be compared to the Open Course Ware of MIT, for example, because many people find the encyclopedia useful. Wikipedias definition for visual culture appears very professional, concrete, correct and real Visual culture is a field of study that mostly inclu des some combination of cultural tudies, art history, and anthropology, by focusing on aspects of culture that rely on visual images.Among cultural studies theorists working with contemporary culture, this oft epochs overlaps with film studies and the study of television, although it can also include video game studies, comics, traditional artistic media, advertising, the Internet and any other medium that has a pivotal visual comp nonpareilnt (Visual Culture, 2007). The above is actually just a part of the definition of the important culture of spectacle. Our generation of men will have literature about our visual culture in the days to come.Earlier generations of humanity did not perchance have the kind of riches in visual culture that our generation possesses. We have excessive tv and movies that earlier generations did not have because they had not managed to make optimal use of electricity as well as scientific brains. This, indeed, is an important part of the definition of o ur visual culture. Like Wikipedia, there are visual means of communication that are rejected by certain kinds of people. In the Middle East, for example, it is considered a bad thing to enjoy Western television with girls kissing, beach babes, etc.And so, certain types of visual arts are not acceptable to particular groups of society. To put it another way, no visual culture or any other medium of communication can perhaps fully satisfy all people at the same time. Perhaps only nature can satisfy all people. Nature is an extraordinary paste to the eyes a free form of visual art available for all and acceptable to all. Besides, nature could be compared to the films we watch and the photography we admire on the covers of golf magazines. Nature is represented by rivers, streams, oceans, mountains, lakes, green spaces, etc.What is a better feast to the eyes? We next explore how and why the visual culture of science fiction movies and tv shows is a visual form of entertainment. A view er of both Star Trek and the Matrix may believe that unmatchable is better than the other, or that none of these visual entertainers are truly entertaining. In order to understand science fiction, it is necessary to know something about the science tin the phenomena being investigated in the film. Day after Tomorrow was a film that explored the possibility of an ice age suddenly hitting humanity when its time for global warming to show its true colors.It was a science fiction movie, and yet it was not an excellent representation of visual culture because the director(s) did not even out attention to good cutting/editing of the film. Similarly, Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy is a famous name, a movie that cannot truly be understood unless one has read a book by the name of Guide to Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy. Tom Cruises episode of the Matrix, on the other have a movie about the most handsome man losing his face after he had been in a dream machine is more enkindle becau se it is filmed beautifully.Beauty is a universal language, and so a viewer does not have to know the secret beyond matter to understand the science behind the movie. It was not important to understand the science in this case because beauty was caught on tape. Both Cruise and his girlfriend in the movie are breathtakingly beautiful, and so the movie is a definite hit one that would leave a lasting impression on the viewer. Then there was an Arnold Matrix with a similar story, and of course, the true Matrix with Keanu Reeves. Both were action-packed, and telling a different story about afterlife, or another life.Yet, Keanu and Arnold were not as handsome as Cruise perhaps, and the latters movie left a longer lasting effect on the girls as opposed to the boys. Keanus version was a hit especially among boys, although girls enjoyed eyeballing Keanu very much. Genders have differing interpretations of the visual arts. So therefore, it can be imagined that boys enjoyed Keanus Matrix mor e than the girls because boys like violent films a sociological question to ponder, with reference to the visuals of the culture. The best visual culture of arts and films is made by the minds that work on lasting impression.Our visual culture has the capacity to transmute and shape people, which is why foreigners refer to Americanization as the standardization/globalization of American films and television shows available in all countries abroad. Those who enjoy Americanization and take comfort in a culture that appears tolerant and good to them, are lovers of the visual arts of the West. For them, movies such as the Matrix (all episodes) and shows such as Star Trek are culture definers. The world understands us better because of our visual arts.Thus, it is very important to concentrate on what we want others to know about us in the future. It is essential to ask Is our visual culture going to be admired by our descendants? It would be easiest for future generations to understand us by looking at our visual arts preserved in museums, homes, books, and the on the World Wide Web. Improved technology has also made it possible to preserve films and television shows in good packaging and systems such as the DVDs. We are providing improved quality of visual arts to our culture at all times.What we keep in our records will be taught in schools of tomorrow. Hence, it is very important to leave good messages behind, and in good quality films that easily leave a lasting impression on people. Science is a defining attribute of the modern era. What we leave behind in visual arts in terms of science fiction movies has got to reveal that we, as a society of the twenty first century, were thoroughly drenched in scientific facts and we were exploring the universe by the use of imagination. The latter generation of the twentieth century was already exploring time relativity in Back to the Future series.Besides time traveling, our society is interested in a dispense more sc ientific details, such as volcanoes, trips to Mars, etc. Mission to Mars is a new film of bad-to-good quality, perhaps as well filmed as old Back to the Future series. Matrix is perhaps the most modern specimen. It is an unforgettable story, after all. I believe that Matrix is the paragon of modern science fiction films. But then, this is just a single persons opinion. What society thinks collectively about a visual arts project is chiefly considered more acceptable an interpretation of the art form, although this argument may not necessarily be true.In the case of Matrix and its contemporary films, the fact is besides that the episodes about life versus dreams were more important for the general public to enjoy in the era of quantum mechanics. Films such as Back to the Future were good in their own time right after Einstein. Science is constantly moving ahead, and so we may expect science fiction films to improve further. Damien Brodericks (2000) savage Toward the Spike is trul y a work of art as far as the imagination of the author is concerned. Mankind is seeking knowledge at great depths than ever before.What is the future of humanity? Brodericks paper answers the question with various creative scenarios, including a future that resembles a black hole, and a dinosaur-killer asteroid that strikes humanity in the middle of the day. At the same time, the author invites the reader to imagine any number of scenarios on his or her own. As a matter of fact, Brodericks paper is an invitation for the readers very own stream of consciousness to burst forth. It is a mind opener, as well as an attempt to break immeasurable possibilities.It is very easy to make a visual art treat using the imagination of the paper. Even so, it may very well be that the evolutionists would read the paper differently from the creationists. This is because the creationists are typically those that would like to remain compatible with their belief that the world would end when the D ay of Judgment begins. On the other hand, there is no restriction on the faculty of the imagination in both the theory of creation and that of evolution. Both God and chance allow for unlimited possibilities, after all.What is more, in visual arts, it is best to have competitions of quality as well as theory. If evolutionists and creationists both make science fiction movies, they would most likely add to the spice of life in the modern world of spectacle. A variety of different visual treats is definitely good for the human soul. Besides, the greatest thing about visual arts is that it is possible for anybody in the world to join in and become an artist and/or an entertainer/performer. The quality of the visual medium must be taken care of.At the same time, since visual culture refers specifically to culture, it is an unforgettable truth about our world that certain forms of art are still not acceptable to all people of the world. In Iran, Buddhas sculptures would be rejected. Sim ilarly, Star Trek may be more entertaining than Matrix depending on what we are concentrating on in our appreciation of the craft of moviemaking. Various perspectives are involved in understanding visual culture. The fact remains, still, that our visual culture is a necessity in our lives, and must be good at all costs.

Presentation Skills Essay

IntroductionPre displaceations be a way of communicating ideas and learning to a group. A effectual founding has limit It contains entropy that people need. Unlike reports, it must account for how much information the audition mickle absorb in unmatchable sitting. Structure It has a perspicuous beginning, middle, and end. It must be sequenced and paced so that the auditory modality can under pedestal it. Where as reports have appendices and foot nones, the presenter must be cargonful not to loose the audition when wandering from the main point of the founding. Packaging It must be well prepared. A report can be reread and portions skipped over, unless the audience is at the mercy of a presenter. Human Element A wide presentation pass on be remembered much to a greater extent than a good report beca engagement it has a person attached to it. But you still need to analyze if the audiences needs would not be better met if a report was sent instead.The VoiceThe voice is probably the close to valuable tool of the presenter. It carries most of the content that the audience takes away. One of the oddities of speech is that we can easily tell others what is treat with their voice, e.g. too fast, too high, too soft, etc., but we have trouble harking to and c hanging our own voices.There are four main terms utilize for defining vocal qualities Volume How loud the sound is. The goal is to be tryd without shouting. Good utterers lower their voice to draw the audience in, and raise it to dupe a point. Tone The characteristics of a sound. An airplane has a different sound than leaves being rustled by the wind. A voice that carries fear can frighten the audience, sequence a voice that carries laughter can get the audience to smile. Pitch How high or low a note is. Pee Wee Herman has a high voice, Barbara Walters has a moderate voice, while James Earl Jones has a low voice. Color Both projection and tone variance can be in force(p) by taking thelin e This new policy is deviation to be exciting and saying it first with surprise, consequently with irony, then with grief, and finally with anger. The key is to over-act. think rough Shakespeares actors line All the worlds a stage presentations are the clearing night on BroadwayThere are both good methods for improving your voiceListen to it Practice comprehend to your voice while at home, driving, walking, etc. Then when you are at mould or with company, proctor your voice to see if you are using it how you want to.To really listen to your voice, cup your right hand close to your right ear and gently get around the -1-ear forward. Next, cup your left hand around your mouth and direct the sound straight into your ear. This helps you to really hear your voice as others hear itand it office be comp allowely different from the voice you thought it was Now practice moderating your voice.The BodyYour body communicates different impressions to the audience. People not only li sten to you, they also discoverer you. Slouching tells them you are indifferent or you do not careeven though you might care a great deal out On the other hand, displaying good posture tells your audience that you know what you are doing and you care ambiguously about it. Also, a good posture helps you to speak much than clearly and effective.Throughout you presentation, displayEye contact This helps to regulate the flow of communication. It signalals interest in others and increases the speakers credibility. Speakers who make eye contact open the flow of communication and convey interest,concern, warmth, and credibility.Facial Expressions Smiling is a powerful cue that transmits happiness, friendliness, warmth, and liking. So, if you smile frequently you lead be perceived as more likable, friendly, warm, and approachable. Smiling is often contagious and others pull up stakes react favorably. They will be more comfortable around you and will want to listen to you more.Gestur es If you fail to question while speaking, you may be perceived as boring and stiff. A lively speaking style captures attention, makes the material more interesting, and facilitates showing.Posture and body predilection You communicate numerous messages by the way you talk and move. Standing erect and leaning forward communicates that you are approachable, receptive, and friendly. Interpersonal closeness results when you and your audience face all(prenominal) other. Speaking with your back turned or looking at the floor or ceiling should be avoided as it communicates disinterest.Proximity Cultural norms dictate a comfortable distance for interaction with others. You should look for signals of discomfort caused by invading others space. Some of these are rocking, leg swinging, tapping, and gaze aversion. Typically, in overlarge rooms, space invasion is not a problem. In most instances there is too much distance. To counteract this, move around the room to increase interaction wi th your audience. Increasing the proximity enables you to make better eye contact and increases the opportunities for others to speak.Vary your voice. One of the major(ip) criticisms of speakers is that they speak in a monotone voice. Listeners perceive this fiber of speaker as boring and dull. People report that they learn less and lose interest more quickly when perceive to those who have not acquire to modulate their voices.-2-Active ListeningGood speakers not only inform their audience, they also listen to them. By listening, you know if they are empathiseing the information and if the information is important to them. Active listening is non the same as hearing Hearing is the first part and consists of the perception of sound. Listening, the second part, involves an attachment of meaning to the aural symbols that are perceived. Passive listening occurs when the receiver has little motivation to listen carefully. Active listening with a purpose is used to gain information, to determine how some other person feels, and to understand others. Some good traits of effective listeners areSpend more sentence listening than talking (but of course, as a presenter, you will be doing most of the talking).Do not finish the sentence of others.Aware of biases. We all have them. We need to control them.never daydream or become abstracted with their own thoughts when others talk. allow the other speaker talk. Do not dominate the conversation.Plan responses after others have finished speakingNOT while they are speaking. Their full concentration is on what others are saying, not on what they are going to respond with.Provide feedback but do not interrupt incessantly. break up by looking at all the relevant factors and asking open-ended questions. Walk the person through analysis (summarize).Keep the conversation on what the speaker saysNOT on what interest them.Listening can be one of our most powerful communication tools Be sure to use it Part of the listening proce ss is getting feedback by changing and altering the message so the intention of the original communicator is understood by the second communicator. This is done by paraphrasing the words of the sender and restating the senders feelings or ideas in your own words, rather than repeating their words. Your words should be saying, This is what I understand your feelings to be, am I plant?It not only includes verbal responses, but also nonverbal ones. Nodding your head or squeezing their hand to show agreement, dipping your eyebrows to show you dont quite understand the meaning of their last phrase, or sucking air in deeply and blowing out hard shows that you are also exasperated with thesituation. Carl Roger listed quintuple main categories of feedback. They are listed in the order in which they occur most frequently in daily conversations (notice that we make judgments more often than we try to understand)-3-1. appraising(prenominal) Makes a judgment about the worth, goodness, or appr opriateness of the other persons statement.2. Interpretive Paraphrasing attempt to explain what the other persons statement mean.3. Supportive enterprise to assist or bolster the other communicator4. Probing Attempt to gain playitional information, continue the discussion, or clarify a point.Understanding Attempt to interpret completely what the other communicator means by her statements.NervesThe main enemy of a presenter is tension, which ruins the voice, posture, and spontaneity. The voice becomes higher as the throat tenses. Shoulders tighten up and limits flexibility while the legs start to shake and causes unsteadiness. The presentation becomes canned as the speaker locks in on the notes and starts to read directly from them. First, do not push nerves, welcome them Then you can get on with the presentation instead of focusing in on being nervous. Actors recognize the value of nervesthey add to the value of the performance.This is because adrenaline starts to kick in. Its a left over from our ancestors fight or flight syndrome. If you welcome nerves, then the presentation becomes a altercate and you become better. If you let your nerves take over, then you go into the flight mode by withdrawing from the audience. Again, welcome your nerves, recognize them, let them help you gain that infallible edge Do not go into the flight mode When you feel tension or anxiety, remember that everyone gets them, but the winners use them to their advantage, while the losers get overwhelmed by them.Tension can be reduced by performing some relaxation exercises. Listed beloware a couple to get you startedBefore the presentation Lie on the floor. Your back should be flat on the floor. Pull your feet towards you so that your knees are up in the air. Relax. Close your eyes. Fell your back bedcover out and supporting your weight. Feel your neck lengthening. Work your way through your body, relaxing one section at a time your toes, feet, legs, torso, etc. When finished, stand up slowly and try to maintain the relaxed feeling in a standing position.If you cannot lie down Stand with you feet about 6 inches apart, arms hanging by your sides, and fingers unclenched. Gently shake each(prenominal) part of your body, starting with your hands, then arms, shoulders, torso, and legs. Concentrate on shaking out the tension. Then slowly rotate your shoulders forth and the backwards. Move on to your head. Rotate it slowly clockwise, and then counter-clockwise.Mental Visualization Before the presentation, visualize the room, audience,and you giving the presentation. Mentally go over what you are going to do from the moment you start to the end of the presentation.-4-During the presentation Take a moment to yourself by getting a drink of water, take a deep breath, concentrate on relaxing the most tense part of your body, and then return to the presentation saying to your self, I can do itYou do NOT need to get rid of anxiety and tension Channel the energy into concentration and expressiveness.Know that anxiety and tension is not as noticeable to the audience as it is to you.Know that even the best presenters make mistakes. The key is to continue on after the mistake. If you pick up and continue, so will the audience. Winners continue Losers stop.Never drink alcohol to reduce tension It affects not only your coordination but also your awareness of coordination. You might not realize it, but your audience will QuestionsAlthough some people get a perverse pleasure from putting others on the spot, and some try to look good in front of the boss, most people ask questions from a genuine interest. Questions do not mean you did not explain the topic good enough, but that their interest is deeper than the average audience. unendingly allow time at the end of the presentation for questions. later inviting questions, do not rush ahead if no one asks a question. Pause for about 6 seconds to allow the audience to gather their thoughts. When a questio n is asked, repeat the question to ensure that everyone heard it (and that you heard it correctly). When answering, direct your remarks to the entire audience. That way, you keep everyone focused, not just the questioner. To reinforce your presentation, try to relate the question back to the main points.Make sure you listen to the question being asked. If you do not understand it, ask them to clarify. Pause to think about the question as the answer yougive may be correct, but ignore the main issue. If you do not know the answer, be honest, do not waffle. itemise them you will get back to themand make sure you doAnswers that last 10 to 40 seconds work best. If they are too short, they seem abrupt while longer answers appear too elaborate. Also, be sure to keep on track. Do not let off-the-wall questions sidetrack you into areas that are not relevant to the presentation. If someone takes issue with something you said, try to find a way to agree with part of their argument. For exampl e, Yes, I understand your position or Im glad you raised that point, but The idea is to praise their point and agree with them. Audiences sometimes tend to think of us verses you. You do not want to risk alienating them.Preparing the Presentation-5-Great presentations require some preplanning. First, read Meetings for an outline of preparing and conducting a meeting, such as acquiring a room, informing participants, etc. A presentation follows the same basic guidelines as preparing for a meeting. The second step is to prepare the presentationA good presentation starts out with unveilings and an icebreaker such as a story, interesting statement or fact, joke, quotation, or an activity to get the group warmed up. The introduction also needs an objective, that is, the purpose or goal of the presentation. This not only tells you what you will talk about, but it also informs the audience of the purpose of the presentation.Next, comes the body of the presentation. Do NOT write it out wor d for word. All you want is an outline. By jotting down the main points on a set ofindex cards, you not only have your outline, but also a memory jogger for the actual presentation. To prepare the presentation, ask yourself the followingWhat is the purpose of the presentation?Who will be attending?What does the audience already know about the subject?What is the audiences attitude towards me (e.g. hostile, friendly)?A 45 minutes talk should have no more than about seven main points. This may not seem like very many, but if you are to leave the audience with a clear go out of what you have said, you cannot expect them to remember much more than that.There are several options for structuring the presentationTimeline Arranged in sequential order.Climax The main points are delivered in order of increasing importance. Problem/Solution A problem is presented, a solution is suggested, and benefits are then given.Classification The important items are the major points.Simple to comple x Ideas are listed from the simplest to the most complex. done in reverse order.Can also beYou want to include some visual information that will help the audience understand your presentation. Develop charts, graphs, slides, handouts, etc.-6-After the body, comes the closing. This is where you ask for questions, provide a wrap-up (summary), and thank the participants for attending.Notice that you told them what they are about to hear (the objective), told them (the body), and told them what they heard (the wrap up).And finally, the important part practice, practice, practice. The main purpose of creating an outline is to develop a coherent plan of what you want to talk about. You should know your presentation so well, that during the actual presentation, you should only have to briefly glance at your notes to ensure you are staying on track. This will also help you with your nerves by giving you the confidence that you can do it.Your practice session should include a live session by practicing in front of coworkers, family, or friends. They can be valuable at providing feedback and it gives you a chance to practice controlling your nerves. Another great feedback technique is to make a video or audio tape of your presentation and review it critically with a colleague.HabitsWe all have a few habits, and some are more annoying than others. For example, if we say uh, you know, or put our hands in our pockets and jingle our keys too often during a presentation, it distracts from the message we are trying to get across.The best way to break one of these distracting habits is with immediate feedback. This can be done with a small group of coworkers, family, or friends. Take turns giving small off-the-cuff talks about your dearie hobby, work project, first work assignment, etc. It talk should last about five minutes. During a speakers first talk, the audience should listen and watch for annoying habits. After the presentation, the audience should agree on the wors t two or three habits that take the most away from the presentation. After agreement, each audience member should write these habits on a 8 1/2 x 11 sheet of paper (such as the word Uh). Use a magic marker and write in BIG letters.The next time the person gives her or his talk, each audience member should wave the corresponding sign inFor most people, this method will break a habit by practicing at least once a day for one to two weeks.Tips and Techniques For Great Presentations If you have handouts, do not read straight from them. The audience does they should read along with you or listen to you read.not know if Do not put both hands in your pockets for long periods of time. This tends to make youlook unprofessional. It is OK to put one hand in a pocket but ensure there is no loose changeor keys to jingle around. This will distract the listeners.-7- Do not wave a pointer around in the air like a wild knight branding a sword to slay adragon. Use the pointer for what it is intended and then put it down, otherwise the audience will become fixated upon your sword,instead upon you. Do not lean on the podium for long periods. The audience will begin to are going to fall over.wonder when you Speak to the audienceNOT to the visual aids, such as flip charts or overheads. Also, do not stand between the visual aid and the audience. Speak clearly and loudly enough for all to hear. Do not speak in a pitch contour to emphasize your main points.monotone voice. Use The disadvantages of presentations is that people cannot see the punctuation and thiscan lead to misunderstandings. An effective way of overcoming this problem is to pause at the time when there would normally be punctuation marks. Use colored backgrounds on overhead transparencies and slides (such as discolour) asthe bright white light can be harsh on the eyes. This will quickly cause your audience to tire.If all of your transparencies or slides have clear backgrounds, then tape one blank yellow one on the ove rhead face. For slides, use a rubber band to hold a piece of colored cellophane over the projector lens. Learn the name of each participant as quickly as possible. Based upon the atmosphereyou want to create, call them by their first names or by using Mr., Mrs., Miss, Ms. Tell them what name and title you prefer to be called. Listen intently to comments and opinions. By using a lateral thinking technique (addingto ideas rather than dismissing them), the audience will feel that their ideas, comments, and opinions are worthwhile. Circulate around the room as you speak. This movement creates a the audience.physical closeness to List and discuss your objectives at the beginning of the presentation. Let the audience know how your presentation fits in with their goals. Discuss some of the fears andapprehensions that both you and the audience might have. Tell them what they should expect of you and how you willcontribute to their goals.Vary your techniques (lecture, discussion, debate, fil ms, slides, reading,etc.) labour to the presentation before your audience arrives be the last one to leave. Be prepared to use an alternate approach if the one youve chosen seems to bog down.You should be confident enough with your own material sothat the audiences interests and-8-concerns, not the presentation outline,determines the format. Use your background,experience, and knowledge to interrelate your subject matter. When writing on flip charts use no more than 7 lines of text per page and no morethan 7 word per line (the 7/7 rule). Also, use bright and bold colors, and pictures as well as text. Consider the time of day and how long you have got for your talk. Time of daycanaffect the audience. After lunch is known as the graveyard section in training circles as audiences will feel more like a nap than listening to atalk. Most people find that if they practice in their head, the actual talk will take about 25 percent longer. Using a flip chart or other visual aids also adds to the time. Remember it is better to finish slightly early than to overrun.

Translations by Brian Friel

Leaving Cert Comparitive study Translations by Brian Friel Translations is a three-act duck soup set in the tumultuous nineteenth century country of Ireland. The action takes place in a hedge-school where students are go about with the invasion of English speaking soldiers. One of these soldiers falls in love with an Irish girl and so mysteriously goes missing. The son of the master of the hedge-school is forced to go into hiding to keep from being condemned for the crime, although he is not responsible for the soldiers disappearance. Translations is a play about love, tradition, and the circumstances that force the break with these traditions.Characters paw Cares for people at the beginning of the play. Intelligent and educated. Runs away at the end. Lacks ambition and vision. Owen Friendly with everyone. Takes Manus place at the end in caring for Sarah and Hugh. Betrays Ireland with the English. Ran away for six years, like Manus does at the end. Yolland Wants to learn Irish a nd understand the people. Doubts example validity of what he is doing. Overly romantic about Ireland and its language. Cannot face up to authority. Hugh Agrees to help Maire at the end. Uses Manus and blatantly prefers Owen. Sometimes pretentious.Major Areas of Study Language and power Language and communication Language and identity (both ethnical and individual) Progress Friendship and love The past and mythology Education Sample Questions 1. Why do you think that Friel gave his play the title Translations? 2. The play is set in 1833. How does Friel make its themes relevant to a modern day auditory modality? 3. Do you agree that Translations is more concerned with the fate of individuals than the fate of nations? 4. The play is about the characters search for their straightforward identities. Do you agree?

Master

It includes copying selective entropy directly from the Web or books without referencing the genuine submitting Joint social classwork as an various(prenominal) effort copying other students rework stealing coursework from another student and submitting it as your own work. Suspected plagiarism provide be investigated and if found to have occurred will be dealt with according to the procedures set down by ELLS. Please chance upon your student handbook for further details of what is / Isnt plagiarism.Assignment Regulations 1 Learners ar required to submit their work use the ELLS Assessment cover sheet. 2 You be required to submit your assignment electronically on mayhap mayhap. Mollys. Com If you need an extension (even for one day) for a valid reason, you must request one, using a well-founded adjustment form avail adequate from the Academic Admit Office. Do not ask the lecturers responsible for the course they are not authorized to award an extension.The completed form must be accompanied by evidence such as a medical certificate in the event of you being sick. 4 General guidelines for submission of assignment a) All work must be word-processed and must be of secure standard. B) Document margins shall not be more than 2. CM or less than 1. CM c)Font size of it In the orbit of be of a common standard such as Arial or Times newfound Roman for the main text. D) Any computer files flummoxd such as program code (software), graphic files that ramp up part of the course work must be submitted either online or with the documentation.The solutions show that an effective access code to study and research has been applied within the scenarios e. G. Comparing concepts, theories and models. MM Select/design and apply suppress methods/techniques A range of methods and techniques have been applied. A range of sources of development used The selection of methods and techniques/ sources Justified interlacing information/data has been synthesized and pr ocessed Appropriate learning methods/techniques applied. A range of sources have been used to make do the tasksMM Present and communicate appropriate findings Appropriate structure and approach has been used. Accurately used A range of methods of presentation has been used Appropriate media used Familiar and unacquainted(predicate) contexts have been used. It is appropriate for familiar and unfamiliar audiences Logical and coherent arguments have been presented with technical language accurately used in both tasks mapping critical reflection to evaluate own work and Justify valid conclusions Synthesis has been used to generate and Justify valid conclusions The validity of exults have been evaluated using defined criteria. Realistic improvements have been proposed against defined characteristics for victor Realistic improvements have been proposed against defined characteristics for success DO Take responsibility for managing and organizing activities Autonomy / independence show The unforeseen has been accommodated The importance of interdependence has been recognized High autonomy and independence have been demonstrated.Tasks have been move with minimum assistance provided by the tutor DO Demonstrate convergent/lateral/ creative persuasion sessions taken Self-evaluation has taken place Convergent and lateral thinking have been applied. Problems have been solved introduction and creative thought have been applied. Receptiveness to new ideas has been demonstrated. Ideas generated and Effective thinking has taken place in unfamiliar contexts.Innovation and creative thought have been applied when addressing both tasks absolute Badges Company Brief Classic Badges Company is in the early stages of setting up as a new mini endeavor which will sell custom made badges to local companies. They are hoping to target he local authority, schools, callowness organizations, health service and local dental surgeries. They plan to sell badges which can be tailored to individual needs. The association, effective communication media with the suppliers and potential customers such as the local authority, school etc who may be evoke in buying the badges.Charles needs a team to take responsibility for the setting up of the conjunction and the communication media to be used to promote the badges. You have been selected as one of the team members to work on this project. You are to collaborate with team members to set up Classic Badges Company. Note Use the above scenario to answer ONLY TASK 1 2. And read through all of the tasks carefully so that you know what you will need to do to complete this assignment in a fully written report. Tasks 1 ensure how to assess information and knowledge needs 1 . In Setting up Classic Badges Company, what are the major range of determinations to be taken? demonstrate 1. 2 Identify and examine the kind of information and knowledge needed to ensure that an effective lasts are taken. 1. 3 List and assess inter nal and extraneous sources of information required and Justify heir suitability and reliability for this project. 1. 4 Recommend any improvements in the use of different kinds or sources information and knowledge for the setting up of this project.Tasks 2 Be able to create strategies to increase individual(prenominal) ne dickensrking to widen involvement in the decision making process. 2. 1 in that respect are several stakeholders in involved in this project, what contri hardlyions would you expect from the different stakeholders during a specialised decision making process? 2. 2 An effective business relationship with these stakeholders is measurable. Discuss ethos of contact that will produce business relationship with stakeholders. 2. 3 Prepare a plan on how to involve those identified in the decision making for this project.You may consider a stakeholder communication plan or a decision making execution plan. 2. 4 To improve on involving others in the decision making proc ess for this project, it is important to improve on your personal networking skills. What strategy would you Tasks 3 Be able to develop communication processes development the context of your current or previous workplace, prepare a report addressing he following issues but first youll need to provide a brief business overview (business description, legal status, mission put upment, general information, fruit/ service description). . 1 Report on vivacious processes of communication in this organization. 3. 2 Identify the pitfalls existing in the current communication processes and design ways to improve it. 3. 3 Recommend the improvements that need to be implemented to ensure greater integration of systems of communication in that organization. 3. 4 Create a personal plan to improve own communication skills. Tasks 4 Be able to improve systems relating to information and knowledge Complete this part of your report using the same chosen organization in Task 3 4. Report on exis ting approaches to the collection, formatting, storage and dissemination of information and knowledge in this organization. 4. 2 Discuss the appropriate changes that need to be carried out to improve the collection, formatting, storage and dissemination of information and knowledge in this organization. 4. 3 Recommend a strategy that needs to be implemented to improve access to systems of information and knowledge in this organization.MasterA metal made up of a combination of two or more materials. Atmospheric pressure The weight of air creates a pressure on the Earths emerge and the pressure exerted by the weight of air pressing down on the ground below will vary depending on the grounds height above sea level. Boiling When a liquid vaporizes. Capillary action When water is drawn up between close fitting surfaces. Compression rip A inhibition host. Condensation When a gas turns into a liquid. Conduction Method by which solids transfer ignite.Convection Method by which liquids and gases transfer heat. Corrosion The deterioration of metals that occurs on contact with liquids. Ductility Ductility Is the ability of a material to stand firm distortion without fracture, such as metal that can be drawn into fine wire. intensity Durability is the materials ability to resist wear and tear. Elasticity A materials ability to stretch tensile force is applied to them. When the point is reached that the material will no longer return to its original shape and size the material is said to have exceeded its elastic limit or yield stress. Equilibrium When all performing influences are balanced.Evaporation When a liquid turns Into a gas. Ferrous metal A metal which contains iron. Freezing When a liquid turns Into a solid. Fusibility The melting point of a material, I. E. When a solid changes too liquid. stiffness Hardness is the ability of a material to resist scratching, wear and tear and Heat which causes a change of state in a substance, but does not affects its tem perature. Malleability The ability of a material to be worked without fracture. dissolve When a solid turns into a liquid. Non-ferrous metal A metal which does not contain iron. Plasticity The appetency of a material to undergo permanent changes in shape.H scale Measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. A pH of 7 represents neutral water. Reduction A method of producing metals is by removing the oxygen from the ore. Relative absorption The ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a standard substance under specific conditions. The coitus density of a solid is found by comparing it to the same volume of water. The relative density of a gas is found by comparing it to the same volume of air. Sensible heat Heat which only causes a change in temperature, not a change of state. Shear force Opposing forces acting along parallel lines of action.Strength The strength of a material is the extent to which it can withstand an applied force or load without breaking. The load is expressed in terms of force per social unit area (Newtons per square meter N/mm). Temper The degree of hardness of a material. Tenacity A materials ability to resist being pulled apart. Tensile force A stretching or pulling force. Thermoplastics Plastics which are liquid when heated and hard when cooled. These plastics can be reshaped repeatedly. Thermosetting plastics Plastics which are resistant to high temperatures. erst set, these plastics cannot be reshaped. Velocity Speed of motion.

Reasons Behind the Gender Pay Gap (Australia) Essay

Despite hanker established legislation and community standards, wo men are still far from extend to to men in the manoeuvreforce. Women functional full-time earn 18% less than men. On average they too earn $1million less over the course of their lives compared to male counterparts. repel rectitudes have had a large enchant in the size of the sex activity give in gap (GPG). The prosecute-fixing normals in the 1970s, has granted immediate collective remedies from persistence-wide, divide activity. that awards are losing prominence with the rise of neoliberalism and women with lower bargaining power become disadvantaged. This area of law has also had successful attempts of beleaguering the undervaluation of female-dominated industries, although these standards have not been fully developed.On the other hand, anti- contrariety law has had a more than peculiar(a) impact on gender consecrate equity (GPE). It has mainly expelled the formal barriers that restricted wome ns access to the public arena however they are expected to conform to existing practices. Due to rachitic substantive provisions, and the judiciarys unwillingness to alter existing ashess, there has been less than desirable channelise to systemic discrimination. Today, the pay up gap is largely attributed to the undervaluation of feminised hightail it, the influence of womens primary caring affair on career progression, and the managerial glass-ceiling effect.I THE SDAS CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENDER PAY EQUITYAnti-discrimination laws have had a limited impact on GPE, since the liberal legal system have not been designed to change loving structures, but merely to/ allows women to participate in existing arenas. The Sex Discrimination Act 1984 (Cth) and its equivalent assert laws have managed to dispel formal barriers to liveity, but largely fails to accommodate womens differences from men. The Acts attempts to achieve e role finished the prohibition of two defined forms of discri mination direct discrimination (DD) is confined to facilitating equality of opportunity, whilst indirect discrimination (IDD) allows some movement towards equality in substance by targeting a restricted range of systemic unfair treatment. However ascribable to the c formerlyptual complexity and evidentiary difficulties of an IDD claim, some cases have been framed as DD. This primary commitment to formal equality is inadequate.Women cannot always conform to male standards and they are punished once they deviatefrom established norms. In Purvis, it was held that there is no DD treatment if an act is based on a characteristic or manifestation of a ground, provided that these are borne by the person. Women can thus be tough like other deviants, and treatment is only when unlawful if it is applied inconsistently. This system affords women protection so long as they can conform to existing practices. DD arguably only covers blanket exclusions and prejudicial assumptions although this is not a small area, it does not ensure equality of outcome or resource. In addition, the legislations have poor readiness to tackle systemic discrimination as a result of weak substantive provisions and fusty judicial interpretation. The ability of IDD to challenge disadvantaging practices is seriously blunted by the fact that the court can get under ones skin these procedures lawful if held reasonable.Countries such as the United States and United Kingdom, upon which Australian anti-discrimination laws are based, have stronger laws. In the US there is a requirement of business necessity whilst the UK necessitates a proportionate means of achieving a ordered aim. The less onerous Australian standard assigns very wide responsibility to the judiciary to qualify whether a disadvantageous practice is lawful. This open texture has allowed the courts in many instances to transmit conservative interpretations which follow the status quo. The judiciarys tendency to adopt narrow anal yses may reflect an ignorance of the impacts of exclusion and disadvantage, devoted their relatively privileged social positions. The Acts treatment of systemic disadvantage has been limited and inconsistent.II fag fair plays Contributions to grammatical gender deport EquityThe right to equal pay was runner entrenched in federal grok law through the adoption of the 1969 and 1972 equal pay principles by Australias/n federal industrial tribunal. Due to Australias unique system of wage conclusion, the application of these principles had substantially narrowed the gap betwixt men and womens pay. Prior to these developments womens wages were ordinarily set as a proportion of mens, under the compulsory conciliation and arbitration system of wage-fixing on the assumption that women were not breadwinners. In 1969, this institutionalized sex discrimination in wage determination officially came to an end when the federal industrial tribunal utilise the principle ofequal pay for equa l land in wage-setting. This measure had a limited impact, given that it only applied to instances where work performed by men and women was of the same or a like nature. This narrow interpretation of equal pay only benefited women with identical jobs as men, leaving female-dominated industries unaffected. Nevertheless, 18 share of women in the workforce enjoyed equal pay through the industry-wide application of the measures.These limitations were partially addressed in the 1972 National Wage Case, resulting in the new principle of equal pay for work of equal esteem. Under this standard, the tribunal can contrast contrastive classifications of work within and across awards to determine work value taking into consideration the skills, qualifications and conditions associated with the work. However, determinations of work value gave higher favour to masculinised areas of work, and functions linked with predominantly female industries were underappreciated. This concept of work va lue withstood challenge in the 1986 comparable worth proceedings. The collective, industry-wide remedies that trickled through awards led to an increase in the GPE ratio from 64 per cent in 1967 to 80.1 per cent in 1980. However equality is limited and rests on an implicit male standard. In addition, the scheme did not allow claims by individuals for a single workplace. The GPG has also been influenced by the neoliberal direction of industrial relations policy. Since 1993, the Federal Government has focused on the deregulation of the labour market, favouring enterprise over industry award settlements.The equal pay wage fixing principles were no longer connected with the primary order of wage determination as pay increases were primarily gained from enterprise bargaining, whilst industry awards largely acted as caoutchouc nets adjustments. This process disadvantaged workers with lower skills and bargaining power. Difficulties with measuring productivity in service industries meant that women concentrated in these areas faced problems in productivity-based bargaining. In addition, the uneven and weak state regulation of non-standard casual work, left women, who predominantly do such work, particularly vulnerable after successive phases of neoliberal reform. Due to these developments, the GPG ratio had only increased 4.9 percent from 1980 to 2008. The decline of the institutional and legal structure that had provided women some protection has locked pay inequities.However, in recent historic period labour law has placed an emphasis on the undervaluation of feminised work in labour law. The Industrial Relations Commissions in unused South Wales and Queensland have established undervaluation as the threshold for fashioning an equal stipend claim. Undervaluation can be proven by showing that current rates of pay are inconsistent with the tribunals assessments of work value. The test did not regularly turn to a male standard. The Queensland tribunal particular ly note factors which may have influenced the valuation of womens work, such as occupational segregation and the over-re bear witnessation of women in casual or part-time work. These advances had instituted significant gain wage gains for alveolar consonant assistants, childcare workers and librarians.However these positive developments were contained when the Federal Government covered the field in 2005, replacing them with uneffective principles that hinged on proof of discrimination. However the advent of the Fair draw Act 2009 (Cth) may reaffirm commitments to a test of undervaluation. The successful application of unions in the social, community and disability sector has led to substantial wage gains, upon recognition by the tribunal of an undervaluation of feminised work. Although proof of discrimination is no longer required, the tribunal has refused to adopt a clear remuneration principle, and has insisted that its powers to issue orders are discretionary. The recent meas ures to tackle female undervaluation may be transeunt and its current foundations are unsecured.III FACTORS INFLUENCING GENDER PAY INEQUITYThe GPG is partly the result of women taking work that accommodates their familial obligations, instead of career-enhancing work that match their skills and experience. The dramatic increase in womens workforce community in the last fifty years has not been offset by an increased contribution by men in the household, and women continue to be disproportionately burdened with family caring responsibilities. In 2002, an Australian situation of Statistics (ABS) survey revealed that of employees who took a break after the birth of their youngest child, sextuplet per cent of men took longer than six weeks, compared to around 93 per cent of women. National time use studies show that the number of unpaid hours that men and women devote has not changed notably with women world found to havecontributed 65 percent and 64 percent of household activities in 1992 and 1997 respectively. As a result of womens primary caregiver role, they are pushed into conciliative between paid and unpaid duties. In 1999, it was found that for families with both parents employed, 70 per cent of mothers exercised flexible working arrangements such as flexible working hours, permanent part time work and working at home, to give adequate time for child-rearing.Women have continuously been over-represented in part-time involvement, with three-quarters of all part-timers being women in August 2011. However, these arrangements limit womens ability to excel in the labour market given that most quality positions are structured for ideal workers that can operate under full-time hours and without familial pressures. limber part-time work often cripples career advancement and most are precarious casual jobs that hard lack the benefits associated with standard employment (such as leave benefits, training, and higher remuneration). Women are generally penalis ed in the workforce for acting as non-standard workers. The persistence of the GPG can also be attributed to the existing undervaluation of work provided in female-dominated occupations.Feminised work is associated with lower remuneration relative to male-dominated occupations. Wooden (1999) indicated that upon controlling for individual and job characteristics, the higher concentration of females in an occupation had a significant negative influence on general earnings. It found that the unequal remuneration of male and female-dominated occupations had created a gender earnings differential of around 4 percent, or one-third of the gender wage differential. This low appreciation of feminine tasks is a serious issue given that womens employment remain highly concentrated in clerical, sales and service jobs. The comparative worth policy being implemented in recent years may effectively tackle this issue although at present there are still a significant number of occupations that have yet to benefit from its application.The undervaluation of work undertaken in female-concentrated occupations contributes to the gender pay gap and the comparable worth principle must be implemented more widely to overcome this problem. Another factor which contributes to the gender earnings gap is the particularly nippy pay inequity between men and women in management. Women are underrepresented in top management and a glass-ceiling phenomenonoperates which block the climb from middle to senior management. A recent study found that 65 and 90 percent of the gender pay gap (of 27 percent) in the sample cannot be associated with managerial characteristics and is potentially caused by discrimination. It was also found that unlike men, the financial returns to experience fall in the latter years for female managers.Womens inability to break through upper management worsens the pay inequality between the sexes.CONCLUSIONSince the 1970s, considerable progress has been achieved for womens rights. Australias distinct system of wage-setting has garnered substantial collective benefits for women. However this system is now in decline and women are insufficiently protected in todays deregulating markets. Anti-discrimination laws have proved disappointing given its limited coverage to equality based on same treatment as men. There have only been modest changes to systemic discrimination due to weak substantive provisions and a lack of judicial will. In order to further combat GPE, there remains a need to deal with the undervaluation of feminised work, the lack of flexibility in good quality positions, and the bar that inhibits women from progressing to higher positions of management.BIBLIOGRAPHY1. ArticlesAdams, K. Lee, Defining Away Discrimination (2006) 19 Australian Journal of drudge rightfulness 263. Baxter, Janeen, and Chesters, Jenny, Perceptions of Work-Family Balance How Effective are Family-Friendly Policies? (2011) 14 Australian Journal of churn Economics 139 . Broohim, Ray and Sharp, Rhonda, The changing Male Breadwinner Model in Australia a New Gender Order? (2004) 15 jade and effort 1. Broomhill, Ray and Sharp, Rhonda, The Changing Male Breadwinner Model in Australia A New Gender Order? (2004) 15 repulse and Industry 1. 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